Anatomic study

OBJECTIVES: To compare accuracy of the ultrasound-guided craniodorsal (CrD) approach with the dorsal (D) approach to the cervical articular process joints, and to evaluate the effect of the transducer, needle gauge, and operator experience.

PURPOSE: To assess validity and inter- and intra-tester reliability of equine goniometry and to establish values for carpal, metacarpophalangeal, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal flexion and extension in horses.

SUBJECTS: Seventeen healthy equine subjects of varied breeds were used.

Category: Anatomic study - Equine

OBJECTIVES: To compare the practicability, visualization of structures, and iatrogenic damage of direct and transthecal approaches to the navicular bursa for diagnostic needle endoscopy.

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study.

SAMPLE POPULATION: Equine cadaver forelimbs (n = 30).

Authors: Grasiela De Bastiani, Flávio Desessards de La Côrte, Karin Erica Brass, Glaucia Denise Kommers, Jean Marie Denoix
Journal: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

To determine the association between ultrasonographic (US) and anatomopathologic findings, an US examination was performed postmortem on the fetlock and associated structures of 37 equine forelimb specimens. All these specimens exhibited images suggestive of lesions on the ultrasound examination. Subsequently, these limbs were dissected and underwent an anatomopathologic study.

Authors: Friederike Pohlin, DVM; Johannes Edinger, DVM; Florien Jenner, DVM, PhD; Monika Egerbacher, DVM, PhD
Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research

Objective—To describe the anatomic and histologic features of the collateral ligaments (CLs) of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints in cadaveric limbs obtained from nonlame horses and to compare the histologic findings with the ultrasonographic appearance of the CLs.

Sample—Medial and lateral CLs of the MCP and MTP joints of 28 limbs (16 forelimbs and 12 hind limbs) from 9 adult nonlame horses euthanized for reasons unrelated to the study.

Authors: W. H. J. Barker, I. M. Wright
Journal: Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology (VCOT)

introduction: Accurate description of the calcaneal insertions of the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is lacking and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to undertake morphologic and morphometic evaluations of these structures to assist in elucidating their functional and pathogenic roles in displacement of the SDFT from the calcaneal tuber. Method: Dissections were performed on 10 normal cadaveric hindlimbs.

Authors: Valeria Albanese, Dewey Wilhite, Fred Caldwell
Journal: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Proximal digital annular ligament (PDAL) desmitis occurs in horses for which PDAL desmotomy is the only reported treatment. The presented work aims to develop a technique for safely performing PDAL desmotomy in horses. Twenty hind limbs and 13 forelimbs, harvested from horses dead or euthanized for reasons unrelated to any structure in the pastern region, were used. All horses were free of disease at the level of their PDAL.

Category: Anatomic study - Equine
Authors: Nicole Rombach, Narelle C. Stubbs, Hilary M. Clayton
Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research

Objective—To determine the gross morphology of the multifidus, longus colli, and longus thoracis muscles in the cervical and cranial thoracic portions of the equine vertebral column.

Sample—15 horse cadavers.

Procedures—The vertebral column was removed intact from the first cervical vertebra (C1) to the seventh thoracic vertebra (T7). After removing the superficial musculature, detailed anatomic dissections of the multifidus, longus colli, and longus thoracis muscles were performed.

Category: Anatomic study - Equine
Authors: M. T. Alber, M. P. Brown, K. A. Merritt and T. N. Trumble
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

Reasons for performing study

Palmar osteochondral disease (POD) is an overload arthrosis that commonly affects fetlock joints of racing Thoroughbreds (TB) but the aetiopathogenesis of the disease has not been well defined.
Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare India ink perfusion in the dorsal and palmar condyles of the third metacarpal bone (McIII) in both passively flexed and maximally extended fetlock joints from paired equine cadaver limbs.
Study design

Category: Anatomic study - Bone - Equine
Authors: M. Pepe, M. Angelone, R. Gialletti, S. Nannarone and F. Beccati
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

Reason for performing study

Although arthropathy of the cervical articular process joints (APJs) is common, descriptions of the arthroscopic technique of the cervical APJ have not been reported previously.
Objectives

To develop an arthroscopic approach to the APJ and to describe the arthroscopic anatomy of the APJ.
Study design

Descriptive cadaver study and clinical case report.
Methods