Authors: Susan R. Vogel, DVM; André Desrochers, DVM, DACVS; Isabelle Lanthier, DVM, DACVP; Marion Strina, DVM; Marie Babkine, DVM
Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Case Description—A 6-year-old Holstein cow was examined because of chronic lameness and swelling near the stifle joint of the left pelvic limb.
Clinical Findings—A mass was palpated in the soft tissues lateral to the proximal aspect of the left tibia. Multiple attempts to obtain a biopsy specimen of the mass resulted in acute compartment syndrome of the femoral compartment (tensor fasciae latae and biceps femoris muscles) and lateral tibial compartment (cranial tibial and peroneus tertius muscles) with associated sciatic nerve paralysis.
Authors: A. Nagy, S.Dyson
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal
Reasons for performing study: There is limited information on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in the carpus and proximal metacarpal region of lame horses.
Objectives: To document MRI findings in horses with lameness localised to the carpus and/or proximal metacarpal region.
Authors: S. E. POWELL
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal
Reasons for performing study: The metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joint is a common site of lameness in the Thoroughbred racehorse. Radiographs may fail to show pathology consistent with the degree of lameness. With a high incidence of stress fractures occurring in the distal third metacarpal/metatarsal (MC3/MT3) condyles and proximal phalanx, a definitive diagnosis as to the nature of the pathology is essential.
Objective: To describe the low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in Thoroughbred racehorses with MCP/MTP joint pain scanned under standing sedation.
Authors: C. E. Sherlock, R. B. Eggleston, J. F. Peroni, A. H. Parks
Journal: Equine Veterinary Education
Severe lameness, tarsocrural joint effusion and medially focused peritarsal swelling combined with focal pain on palpation are clinical signs suggestive of acute injury to the medial tarsal collateral ligament. Diagnosis can be made on physical examination and ultrasonographic findings; however, magnetic resonance imaging may provide more information especially with subtle injury. Acute exacerbation of the injury during the prolonged convalescence is common.
Authors: Kathryn A. Seabaugh, MS, DVM; Kurt T. Selberg, MS, DVM; Alejandro Valdés-Martínez, MVZ, DACVR; Sangeeta Rao, BVSc, MVSc, PhD; Gary M. Baxter, VMD, MS, DACVS
Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Objective—To investigate tissue diffusion of anesthetic agent following administration of low palmar nerve blocks (LPBs) in horses. Design—Randomized clinical trial. Animals—12 adult horses. Procedures—In 9 horses, mepivacaine hydrochloride–iohexol (50:50 dilution) injections were administered bilaterally (2 or 4 mL/site) to affect the medial and lateral palmar and palmar metacarpal nerves (4 sites).
Authors: Scott H.R. Edwards
Journal: The Veterinary Journal
The rationale behind developing sustained release microsphere formulations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administered via the intra-articular (IA) route is to minimise the systemic bioavailability and attendant side-effects associated with oral drug administration. Overall dose is reduced whilst therapeutic benefit within the joint is maintained. The potential benefits of IA therapy for osteoarthritis (OA) are not achieved using currently available medications and delivery vehicles due to the rapid clearance of therapeutic substances from the synovial space.
Authors: S. S. Down, G. A. Munroe, R. C. Murray
Journal: Equine Veterinary Education
A cranial technique for entry of the medial femorotibial (MFT) joint in the horse was validated. It was hypothesised that the frequency of correct placement into the MFT joint using the described cranial technique would be similar to using a standard medial approach. Twenty-four limbs from 15 horses were injected with a latex mixture. Limbs with stifle joint effusion and/or known stifle pathology were grouped separately to those without.
Authors: M. Oosterlinck, E. Raes, S. Verbraecken, G. van Loon, S. Maes, I. Gielen, L. Lefère, J. H. Saunders
Journal: Equine Veterinary Education
Malignant osseous neoplasia has been extremely rarely reported in the horse and, therefore, it is not commonly considered as a differential diagnosis for acute lameness. In the present report, a 19-year-old Warmblood mare in poor body condition and with a history of chronic haematuria, presumably attributable to renal neoplasia, was referred with acute, progressive, unilateral right forelimb lameness with marked unilateral digital pulsation and metacarpal oedema. No hoof abscess was found.
Authors: D. J. FERRIS, D. D. FRISBIE, C. W. McILWRAITH, C. E. KAWCAK
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal
Reasons for performing study: Medications are frequently employed to treat intra-articular (IA) problems in the performance horse. Actual usage of the different IA medications in horses is not available. Objectives: To determine the most common usage of these medications, members of the American Association of Equine Practitioners (AAEP) were surveyed. Methods: An email link to an online survey was electronically sent to 6305 AAEP members and the responses tabulated and analysed with a logistic regression model. Results: A total of 831 survey responses were submitted and tabulated.
Authors: Lin Xie, Nakia D. Spencer, Ralph E. Beadle, Lorrie Gaschen, Mark R. Buchert and Mandi J. Lopez
Journal: The Veterinary Journal
Equine degenerative suspensory ligament desmitis (DSLD) is a debilitating condition that has limited response to rest and stall confinement. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that mild to moderate DSLD is not worsened by consistent exercise. Paso Fino and Peruvian Paso horses (two normal horses and four horses with DSLD) were exercised for 30 min every other day for 8 weeks and then pasture rested for 4 months. Gait analysis, radiographs, ultrasound and serum insulin and glucose concentrations were performed prior to the exercise trial and at each time point.
