Toy Poodles with grade 4 medial patellar luxation had significant femoral varus deformity, medial displacement of the tibial tuberosity, internal torsion of the proximal tibia, and hypoplasia of the patella.
The iliac horizontal diameter is the recommended variable and maximum obturator foramen width is an acceptable variable in order to evaluate slight pelvic rotation
With 2.0 mm and 2.4 mm LCP the overall complication and fixation failure rate were comparable to those reported in previous studies in which various locking plate systems were used
A direct approach for arthroscopic removal of OC fragments of the PIJ using a third portal into this joint, without resection of the membrane between the TCJ and PIJ is a good alternative for removal of fragments at this site
Prognosis for survival to discharge with minimally displaced incomplete fractures is good. Open reduction and internal fixation in adult horses has a poor prognosis.