Clinical history “kia” was a 13 month old female German Shepherd Dog with a suspect history of pelvic limb lameness due to hip dysplasia. However, the nature of the clinical signs had changed in the past days and she appeared more acutely painful when handled by the owner in addition to the previous lameness. Ventrodorsal radiographs were made of the pelvis to evaluate the status of the hips. Radiographic diagnosis The radiographic changes were typical for those seen with secondary arthrosis due to hip dysplasia. Bilateral modeling of the head and neck were prominent with flattening of the acetabula and periarticular spuring dorsally. Note how the acetabula had filled with bony tissue. In addition, reactive new bone was noted in the diaphysis of the left femur and additional radiographic studies were made. Additional diagnosis Marked endosteal new bone was present in the diaphysis of the left femur with associated periosteal new bone. The changes are typical for panosteitis in the later stage with the addition of a periosteal response. In an older dog, a diagnosis of metastatic bone tumor or hematogenous osteomyelitis might be entertained as a diagnosis for a diaphyseal lesion. However, in “kia”, panosteitis should be the primary consideration because of age and breed. Palpation of other long bones produced a painful response further helping to confirm the diagnosis. This is the second case included in this series in which the assumption of clinical signs due solely to arthrosis secondary to hip dysplasis was shown to be incorrect and a second lesion was found on further examination.
