Tibial Torsion Malalignment in Small Dogs with Medial Patellar Luxation

Objective Medial patellar luxation (MPL) is prevalent in small dogs; however, the causes vary, and few studies have reported tibial deformities. We aimed to conduct a detailed morphological investigation of internal tibial torsion and internal foot rotation and compare the results between MPL grades to better understand the pathogenesis of MPL.

Study Design We performed a morphological study of the tibia and comparison with MPL grade, and established a new parameter, metatarsal orientation relative to the orientation of the tibial tuberosity, the proximal tibia metatarsal angle (PTMTA). The distal tibia metatarsal angle was also established, and tibial torsion angle (TTA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle, medial distance of the tibial tuberosity/proximal tibial width, and crural rotation angle were compared among the grades of MPL.

Arata Isono , Yasuji Harada , Nobuo Kanno , Yasushi Hara